Wednesday, November 30, 2011

20th Century Arts

20th century arts:

Cinematography-
Cinematography was created during the 19th century
Originally geared towards the upper class and it wasn't long before the lower and middle were enjoying films as well.
German Expressionism of the 1920s is said to have influence classic Hollywood film noir.
The Jazz Singer (1927)
First full length film with synchronized dialog


Nazi Regime-
No films could be made that contradicted the ideas of the Nazi Party
Triumph of the Will (1935) Propaganda film created by Leni Riefenstahl of the Nuremberg Rally
Many of the films during this time were propaganda, racist, or comedies

Films and Information-

    • 1920s
      • Nosferatu (1922) ‘Dracula’ 
        • Redone in 1979 by Werener Herzog
    • 1950s - Attendance was at an all time high during 1956
                  Main Genres: Heimatfilm ("homeland film"), romance, musicals, comedies 
    • 1960s - Less movie patrons
                  Main Genres: westerns, crime, thrillers, porn
    • 1970s - New Cinema Era
                  Main Genres: Literature to Film, Feminist films
    • 1980s -  Renewed international recognition for German films
      • Das Boot (1981)        
      • The NeverEnding Story (1984)
      • Wings of Desire (1987)
    • 1990s- Focused on independent films and horror movies
      • Lola Rennt (1998)

      • Dance
        • Schuhplatter
          • Bavarian/Austrian folk dance. 
          • Originally, young men danced to impress marriageable young women.
          • The dance was a free of rules, but now the dance used traditional steps of a rhythmic hitting the thigh, knees, soles of the feet, and stomping of the feet.
      • Modern Dance
        • Rudolf von Laban and his student Mary Wigman had major influence
        • Began as a dance of experiementation.
        • Mary Wigman opened a school of dance in Dresden in 1920. However, the Nazis closed her school.
        • She reopened her school in 1948 in Berlin.
      • Early 20th century Music
      • Cabaret: Rose during Weimar Republic (1920s), Popular in night clubs, type of stage entertainment, similar to Burlesque
      • Swing: Banned by Nazi Germany because it was associated with "American ways" and promoted sexual promiscuity
      • Ernst Hermann Meyer
        • Born in Berlin on December 8th, 1905
        • · At 11 he started composing
        • · Get his PhD at Heidelburg University
        • · He was Jewish so he went to the UK so he didn’t get killed by Nazi’s
        • · He was one of the most influential music figures in the GDR
        • · He was the head of the German Society of Composers and Musicologists, professor of musicology at the Berlin Humbolt University, chairman of the German Handel Society and founder of the annual Handel Festival which is still celebrated in some parts of Germany
        • · Some of his works include: Symphony for strings, symphony in b flat and sonata for viola and piano (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrL8iTEeA2o&feature=related)
            • · He died October 8th, 1988
              • Born in Munich on July 10th, 1895
              • · He started taking interest in music as early as five, at 16 some of his music was published
              • · He participated and nearly died in ww1
              • · He not only wrote music but he also wrote stories and plays
              • · He co-founded the Gunther School for gymnastics, music and dance. He worked with mostly beginners and this is how he started to share his ideas of conducting
              • · The first way he started this was with Elementare Musikubung, this ended up being too complex for the teachers to follow. He then created Schulwerk, which was much easier to do and get the kids involved in. This helped combine instruments, music and dancing.
              • · Later on he created Musik fur Kider which also helps get children up and moving.
              • · A lot of his accomplishments were geared towards teaching children and ways of getting them involved in music and such.
              • · His most famous piece is his Carmina Burana sometimes known as O Fortuna (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bkgcUEGEZv4&feature=fvst)
              • · The translation of this song is pretty depressing. It basically about trying to overcome and failing miserably (http://www.puremango.co.uk/2008/03/o_fortuna_translation/)
                • · He died March 29th, 1982
      • Modern Music:
    • Expressionist Art Movement
      • This type of art distorted color, scale and space to convey their feelings about what they saw.  
      • Mostly from Dresden and Munich
      • Influenced from Van Gogh's evocative canvases 
    • Works Cited


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